A review of traffic models for wildland-urban interface wildfire evacuation

Recent years have seen an increased prevalence of wildfires, some of which has spread into the wildland-urban interface and lead to large-scale evacuations. Large-scale evacuations gives rise to both logistical and traffic related issues. To aid in the planning and execution of such evacuations reliable modelling tools to simulate evacuation traffic are needed. Today no traffic model exists which is dedicated only to simulate wildfire evacuation in the wildland/urban interface. The aim of this thesis is to identify benchmark characteristics needed in such a model and review 12 existing models, both traffic models and evacuation models, and their potential usefulness in WUI wildfire scenarios. The thesis concludes that some models can be tuned to represent aspects of a WUI fire evacuation and that future research should focus on integrating traffic modelling with modelling of fire/smoke spread and pedestrian movement

e-Sanctuary: open multi-physics framework for modelling wildfire urban evacuation

The number of evacuees worldwide during wildfire keep rising, year after year. Fire evacuations at the wildland-urban interfaces (WUI) pose a serious challenge to fire and emergency services and are a global issue affecting thousands of communities around the world. But to date, there is a lack of comprehensive tools able to inform, train or aid the evacuation response and the decision making in case of wildfire. The present work describes a novel framework for modelling wildfire urban evacuations. The framework is based on multi-physics simulations that can quantify the evacuation performance. The work argues that an integrated approached requires considering and integrating all three important components of WUI evacuation, namely: fire spread, pedestrian movement, and traffic movement. The report includes a systematic review of each model component, and the key features needed for the integration into a comprehensive toolkit

Brandteknisk riskvärdering av Pilängshallen

The purpose of this report is to evaluate and assess the fire safety at the sports center Pilängshallen located in Lomma. The report is only focused on personal safety and no consideration has been taken concerning economic or environmental damage. Pilängshallen is used on a daily basis for several different sport and workout activities by both local sport clubs and the public, as well as by schools for PE classes. The highest number of visitors occurs during swimming and basketball competitions. A number of possible fire scenarios was considered and the three thought to be the worst credible scenarios were analyzed in depth. The aim of the analysis was to estimate whether safe evacuation from the building was possible before critical conditions arose and the safety of people inside became jeopardized. The analysis was performed with analytical calculations as well as computer software and assumptions based in available literature. The main conclusion of the report is that in case of fire, people within the facility will be able to evacuate before critical conditions are present. Proper training of staff and regular maintenance of fire equipment such as automatic fire doors and fire extinguishers should be performed on regular basis to further ensure the safety of people at the facility